Symbols in Lord of the Files by William Golding - 779 Words

In the long story â€Å"Lord of the Flies† there are several symbols of interpretations in terms of meaning. The beasty that was mentioned a number of times in the novel, â€Å"Lord of the Flies† by William Golding was never really a beast, however it was never really human either (Shmoop). When kids are stranded on an island alone with no adults to look below the bed or look within the closet, there are sure to be ghosts and monsters roaming amongst the forest woods. From the very start this belief of some monster hiding within the darkness has been unfolded around the whole pack. One of the little boys claims that the beasty only come out in the dark. (LOTF). Since there is no one to shield the kids of night terror or fear of the unknown, a claim of a creepy monster has been planted in all children’s heads. When the older boys of the pack start to notice the younger children spreading the word, they take a look in the woods to prevent the idea of a monster before it spreads and causes everybody to become frightened of it. But there isnt a beasty. Jack announces to the pack various times (LOTF). However, sure enough even the older children within the pack begin to question if there is a monster or not and take sides with the youngsters. Concern of this crazy beast within the darkened woods begins to cause disorder and opens a door to fear of the unknown. A few chapters in to the story, another meeting is held with everyone included, in which an oversized discussion regardingShow MoreRelatedLord of the Flies, by William Golding1055 Words   |  5 Pages In William Goldings Lord of the Flies a group of English school boys crash land onto an uninhabited island somewhere in the Mid Atlantic ocean. Ralph, the protagonist and also the elected leader, tries to maintain peace and avoid any calamity on the island. However, Jack is neither willing to contribute nor listen because he is jealous of Ralph and has a sickening obsession with killing boars. Ralph has some good traits that help him maintain peace and balance for a period of time. He is charismaticRead MoreAllegory In Lord Of The Flies Essay1148 Words   |  5 Pagesuse allegories in their writings as literary devices that convey hidden meanings through characters, events, or imagery, which come together to develop moral, spiritual, or political ideas (â€Å"Allegory – Exa mples†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Many people believe that William Golding’s Lord of the Flies is an allegorical novel in which its main characters represent political ideas. Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines an allegory as a symbolic representation (1). Ralph, a good-looking, charismatic boy, represents the democraticRead MoreThe Struggle for Power and Authority1184 Words   |  5 Pagesindwell mankind. The two novels Animal Farm and Lord of the Flies both have main characters that uniquely manifest these attributes. Napoleon and Jack approach discipline in a dictorial manner by using intimidation, propaganda and fear while Snowball and Ralph apply a more democratic method when dealing with the animals. Napoleon and Snowball have different techniques and values on how leadership in life should be conducted. This is also true in Lord of the Flies in the conflict between Ralph and

Islam and Chambers Essay Sample free essay sample

The life of Islam began about 610 in the town of Mecca in the state of Arabia by a middle-aged adult male named Muhammad. Through the old ages Islam has had its tests and mistakes. However. today Islam holds the religion of around 800 million followings. Hot and dry comeuppances. steppes. and barrens are the fatherlands of the Arabs. but they were able to get the better of these rough conditions. Arabs were really â€Å"proud of their household. linguistic communication. accomplishment. and manner of life† ( Chambers et Al. 2010. p. 180 ) . The Arabs were in a clip of convulsion when Muhammad foremost appeared. Having political power the Byzantines. Persians. and Abyssinians invariably seeking to suppress the Arabs was a political strain ; spiritual convulsion wasn’t any less of an detonation. Born between the old ages of 570 and 571 in the metropolis of Mecca. Muhammad combined heathen. Christian. and Judaic thoughts for the Arabian faith of Islam. The angel of Gabriel came to Muhammad in 610 stating him to prophesy the words of Allah. the Islamic God. Merely a smattering of relations clung to his instructions at first. â€Å"Reflected in his native metropolis. Muhammad accepted an invitation to elaborate his thoughts in Medina† ( Chambers et Al. 2010. p. 180 ) . This migration in 622 is called the hijra. The hijra marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. Important to Muhammad’s calling. the hijra allowed him to go the governor of Medina. but it besides caused for his sermons to be more and more about â€Å"public jurisprudence. disposal. and the practical jobs of government† ( Chambers et Al. 2010. p. 181 ) . After being successful with change overing people in Medina. Muhammad decided in 624 to process against the Meccans. He was successful. and he took Mecca in 630. The lone heathen shrine Muhammad kept in the metropolis was the Kaaba. a temple built by the prophesier Abraham. Within the Islamic faith. the Koran is a aggregation of prognostications written down in 651 or 652. but the true writer is Allah. The Koran praises Allah for his cognition power. justness. and clemency. Moslems are those who submit â€Å"to the will of Allah. † and harmonizing to Muhammad this was the most of import guideline to follow ( Chambers et Al. 2010. p. 182 ) . A major difference between Christianity and Islam is that Islam doesn’t acknowledge a separate clergy. and the Koran passed the word of Allah through Muhammad and the calif. Allah provided all of the necessary Torahs that the Islamic people needed. and the calif were chiefly the â€Å"military head and a judge† ( Chambers et Al. 2010. p. 182 ) . After Muhammad’s decease in 632 until 750. Islam expanded really quickly. When it came to war. the Arabs were diligent on desert terrain. and they were able to suppress their enemies. Warriors who died during war against non-believers were promised a significant ageless wages. Christians and Jews were partly tolerated because they were both people of the Bible. and in order to pattern their faith. they needed to pay a little revenue enhancement to the Arabs. Many Persians. Greeks. and Semitics were willing to change over because of the similarities of Islam to their old faith. Because the Arabs conquered many new lands and people. they allowed the new work forces to take ranks in the authorities. â€Å"This move added stableness to Arabic Rule† ( Chambers et Al. 2010. p. 183 ) . The Umayyad household was the first line of blood swayers on the Arabic Empire. Muslims. under the Umayyad Empire. were able to suppress North Africa ; they overran a Spaniard land. The biggest loss under the Umayyad regulation was when the Muslims were defeated at Tours in 732 by Charles Martel. This licking marked the concluding progress and stabilisation of Islam over the following 100s of old ages. After turning to an tremendous size. an internal war destroyed the integrity of Islam. After the decease of Muhammad. instructors and bookmans introduced a new orthodox to Islam. The people who accepted this Orthodox were known as Shiites. and those who rejected the new belief were Sunnites. The Shiites believed the lone swayers of the Islamic community were posterities of the 4th calif. Muhammad’s son-in-law. Ali. Shiism stirred up a batch of protests and rebellions. The turning divisions and internal rifts destroyed the Umayyad Empire. The Umayyad household was viciously massacred by a descendent of Muhammad’s uncle. Abbas. The Abbasid calif moved the capital to Baghdad. and it survived until 1258. Merely one Umayyad household member survived. and he created an independent Caliphate in Spain. Several independent Caliphates began to demo up everyplace. It Islamic economic system and society were comfortable despite the divisions among the Islamic community. Agribusiness and a pastoral economic system were critical along the train paths. Trade among the metropoliss and towns allowed for some integrity. Damascus and Toledo were known for their steel ; Cordoba traded its leather ; and the Eastern towns were known for their silk. linen. and cotton. Technology was borrowed from Byzantium. India. and China. and the official linguistic communication of Islam was Arabic. â€Å"A vigorous urban life. concentrated in the metropoliss of Damascus. Baghdad. Cairo. and Cordoba. distinguished mediaeval Islamic society† ( Chambers et Al. 2010. p. 185 ) . Their streets were filled with merchandisers. craftsmans. and mendicants. The function of adult females changed from the beginning of Islamic faith to what the function of adult females is today. Women played a big function in transition during the early yearss of Islam. The Koran placed a immense importance on household. and adult females received support from their hubbies. As old ages. passed the functions of adult females became more and more restrictive. â€Å"Muhammad had urged his married womans to populate in seclusion† ( Chambers et Al. 2010. p. 185 ) . These suites of privacy were known as Harems. After pubescence all adult females were required to populate in hareems. If adult females left the confines of their places. they were required to have on a head covering covering the face and the caput. The Arabic civilization contributed so much to planetary civilization. They gave several parts in mathematics. medical instruction. uranology. and doctrine. In mathematics. the Arabs added the figure nothing to the Hindus’ intricate enumeration system. Algebra was besides developed by the Arabs. Al-Razi wrote around 140 medical descriptions ; astrologists and uranologists were responsible for the astrolabe and the betterment of the tabular arraies of antiquity. Aveorres was the most critical Islamic philosopher. He â€Å"wrote commentaries on Aristotle and exerted a profound influence on Christian every bit good as Islamic philosophy† ( Chambers et Al. 2010. p. 186 ) . Islamic diminution was first evident due to the turning military failing caused by the new invasions on their place forepart. Christians were determined to take back the Iberian Peninsula. and the Christians were successful in making so. The Seljuks conquered Baghdad in 1055. and in 1099 Jerusalem broke free from Islamic control during the First Crusade. Warriors were no longer having wages. but alternatively they were given land. This added to the diminution by weakening â€Å"central authority† ( Chambers et Al. 2010. p. 187 ) . Despite the diminution of Medieval Islamic civilisation. the life and prosperity of the faith is one for the text editions. Chambers defined Islam as a strong faith. This is still true to this twenty-four hours. Bibliography Chambers. M. . Hanawalt. B. . Rabb. T. K. . Woloch. I. . A ; Tiersten. L. ( 2010 ) . The Western Experience ( 10th erectile dysfunction ) . New York: McGraw Hill.

Profit Maximisation Model Essay Example

Profit Maximisation Model Essay Profit Maximization model helps to predict the price-output behavior of a firm under changing market conditions like tax rates, wages and salaries, bonus, the degree of availability of resources, technology, fashions, tastes and preferences of consumers etc. It is a very simple and unambiguous model. It is the single most ideal model that can explain the normal behavior of a firm. It is often argued that no other alternative hypothesis can explain and predict the behavior of business firms better than profit-maximization hypothesis.This model gives a proper insight in to the working behavior of a firm. There are well developed mathematical models to explain this hypothesis in a systematic and scientific manner. Profit-maximization implies earning highest possible amount of profits during a given period of time. A firm has to generate largest amount of profits by building optimum productive capacity both in the short run and long run depending upon various internal and external factor s and forces.There should be proper balance between short run and long run objectives. In the short run a firm is able to make only slight or minor adjustments in the production process as well as in business conditions. The plant capacity in the short run is fixed and as such, it can increase its production and sales by intensive utilization of existing plants and machineries, having over time work for the existing staff etc. Thus, in the short run, a firm has its own technical and managerial constraints.But in the long run, as there is plenty of time at the disposal of a firm, it can expand and add to the existing capacities, build up new plants, employ additional workers etc to meet the rising demand in the market. Thus, in the long run, a firm will have adequate time and ample opportunity to make all kinds of adjustments and readjustments in production process and in its marketing strategies. It is to be noted with great care that a firm has to maximize its profits after taking in to consideration of various factors in to account.They are as follows: 1. Pricing and business strategies of rival firms and its impact on the working of the given firm. 2. Aggressive sales promotion policies adopted by rival firms in the market. 3. Without inducing the workers to demand higher wages and salaries leading to rise in operation costs. 4. Without inducing the workers to demand higher wages and salaries government controls and takeovers. 5. Maintaining the quality of the product and services to the customers. 6.Taking various kings of risks and uncertainties in the changing business environment. 7. Adopting a stable business policy. 8. Avoiding any sort of clash between short run and long run profits in the business policy and maintaining proper balance between them. 9. Maintaining its reputation, name, fame and image in the market. 10. Profit maximization is necessary in both perfect and imperfect markets. In a perfect market, a firm is a price-taker and under imperf ect market it becomes a price-searcher.

Customer Relationship Management In Hospitality Industry Importance Tourism Essay Essay Example

Customer Relationship Management In Hospitality Industry Importance Tourism Essay Essay Example Customer Relationship Management In Hospitality Industry Importance Tourism Essay Essay Customer Relationship Management In Hospitality Industry Importance Tourism Essay Essay CRM entails all facets of interaction a company has with its client, whether it is gross revenues or service related. It even uses engineering to streamline procedures that impact client trueness, service bringing and quality direction. Today, concerns are confronting an aggressive competition and they have to do Attempts to last in a competitory and unsure market topographic point. Peoples have realized that pull offing Customer relationships is a really of import factor for their success. Customer relationship direction ( CRM ) is a scheme that can assist them to construct durable relationships with their clients and increase their net incomes through the right direction system and the application of customer-focused schemes. ( Berry,1983 ) Customer is the most of import individual for a concern. He is non an break to our work but the intent of it. He is non an foreigner ; he is a portion of it. We are non making him a favor, he is making us a favor by giving us an chance to function him. ( By Mahatma Gandhi ) It has grown mainstream and is being implemented in a broad scope of companies and organisations such as fabrication, fiscal services, transit and distribution, Though the activity looks to be a simple one, but tools and work flows which are involved in the procedure can be rather complex, particularly for big concern. Previously the tools were by and large limited to happen out basic information s like companies contact history with the clients or clients, monitoring and entering interactions and communications. ( Parasuraman, et all 1985 ) Background [ P1 ] : The ground of me to take this peculiar research is really simple. As I have worked in cordial reception industry and had a opportunity to cognize the twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours operations from a close point, I wanted to happen out more ways to research about how the improved invitee service and trueness creates a bond between a peculiar organisation and the clients. In this epoch of globalisation where Customer is the King , client outlooks are traveling up which is doing the state of affairs more and more competitory. As the merchandise is going generic in nature, the hotel industry can no longer rely on the traditional selling schemes to retain the clients. Customer Relationship Management is one of the key tools to contend this cut pharynx competition and stand out as a superior trade name Research inquiry ( s ) [ P2 ] : RQ1 ) How effectual is the usage of Customer Relations Management ( CRM ) in retaining clients in cordial reception? RQ2 ) What are the new selling attacks in hotel industry? RQ3 ) How will CRM aid to retain clients in hotel industry? Hypothesis [ P2 ] : H0: CRM has no important consequence in retaining client in Hospitality Industry. H1: CRM has a important consequence in retaining client in Hospitality Industry. H0: CRM do non assist to retain client in hotel industry. H1: CRM do assist to retain client in hotel industry. Research Aims A ; Objectives [ P4 ] : Purpose: The survey aims to understand the importance of CRM in the success of administration in a cordial reception industry. Furthermore, it seeks to find the effectivity of the new selling attacks in retaining clients in a cordial reception industry. The survey is to make an extended research on the importance of CRM in Hospitality Industry, so gather relevant documents to back up the survey a study will be conducted and informations will be gathered from study and from these informations decision will be drawn. Aims: To be able arrive to the desired reply, the undermentioned stairss should be done: Gather relevant yesteryear and current informations related to the survey Design research inquiries for study Conduct a study Gather the relevant information from the study Make a tabular array or graph Verify informations Draw decision Literature Review [ P5 ] : Customer Relationship Management ( CRM ) is one of those brilliant constructs that swept the concern universe in the 1990 s with the promise of forever altering the manner concerns little and big interacted with their client bases. In the short term, nevertheless, it proved to be an unmanageable procedure that was better in theory than in pattern for a assortment of grounds. First among these was that it was merely so hard and expensive to track and maintain the high volume of records needed accurately and invariably update them. ( Payne,2000 ) In today s competitory concern environment, a successful CRM scheme can non be implemented by merely put ining and incorporating a package bundle designed to back up CRM procedures. A holistic attack to CRM is critical for an effectual and efficient CRM policy. This attack includes preparation of employees, a alteration of concern procedures based on clients demands and an acceptance of relevant IT-systems ( including soft- and possibly hardware ) and/or use of IT-Services that enable the organisation or company to follow its CRM scheme. CRM-Services can even redundant the acquisition of extra hardware or CRM software- licences. ( Reichheld et all,1990 ) Let us now look for the replies of the inquiries we were carry oning the research for with regard to a unrecorded hotel. ITC MAURYA SHERATON Defines CRM as Customer Relationship Management is a procedure of pull offing client dealingss in an organized manner . They aim at pull offing each Moment Of Truth that is experienced by the client. Q11 How will CRM aid to retain clients in hotel industry There are assorted contact points where the hotel comes in direct contact with the client which are known as Touch points in the CRM linguistic communication. These touch points are considered of import as there is direct interaction with the client and they provide valuable input to the hotel. The input provided by the client has to be captured in such a manner that it becomes information and can be used by assorted procedures within the hotel. This can be done with the aid of engineering and the purpose is that whenever there is a client interface with any of those procedures they are able to utilize that information in serving the invitee in a most efficient mode. ( Sheth,1998 ) Loyalty Plans Second vehicle for CRM identified by Maurya Sheraton are the Loyalty Programs. These plans are designed to honor the loyal invitees of the hotel. Every clip a invitee cheques in the hotel at his every touch point or interface with the hotel, every clip he spends on a service provided by the hotel ( usage of Room, Restaurant, Laundry, Telephones etc. ) , the dealing is recorded at each single point and is added to the concluding measure presented to the invitee at the terminal of the stay. There are certain points attached to the figure of rupees spent by the invitee. Therefore higher the sum of the measure, the higher will be the figure of points attained by the invitee. These points are credited to the history of each invitee with the aid of engineering. These are called Loyalty points. These histories holding the trueness points are alone to every invitee. Therefore, whenever after the first clip that guest cheques into the hotels, the guest history besides affects the trueness poi nts. The higher the figure of points, more loyal is the invitee. The points can be redeemed by the invitee for either free corsets at the hotel or free gifts as listed by the hotel or free repasts depending upon the figure of points accumulated. Distribution Points/ Central Reservation System A client can merely do a call at the reserve Centre to do a engagement with the hotel. It sounds simple but it could acquire complex in instance he does non have the expected or the coveted response. Therefore, Maurya Sheraton sees this distribution point as an chance to set up CRM as the respondents at the reserve Centre could turn a prospective client into a sale or could allow travel off the chance to make so by non being polite plenty or non giving out the information as desired by the invitee. The information sing all guest reserves is managed through computing machine package, hence, when a client brand calls to question about a reserve, all his hotel usage history pops up in the system which gives a opportunity to the executive at the reserves to immediately acknowledge the client and reference him by his name. This minute of truth is experienced by the client with a feeling of acknowledgment and feels it as good service at the first touch point itself. The input or direction received from the client at the phase is recorded in the reserve system for farther mention by the hotel operations. Therefore the wheel does non acquire reinvented every clip a standard direction is to be followed. This leads to removal of an thorn and that finally leads to a satisfied client willing to return. ( Sheth and Parvatiyar,1995 ) Welcome Award Honoring Relationships Welcome Award has earned the differentiation of being India s premier and most powerful frequent invitee programme. The Welcome Award programme recognizes client as a concern traveller and through its strategic confederations with travel spouses enterprises to construct a rewarding relationship client. As a Welcome Award member clients can gain Stars on every facet of their concern tripaˆÂ ¦hotel corsets, concern amusement, Car leases and even air travel. Welcome Link- Bring place the wagess Welcome Link, India s most popular programme for cardinal professionals offers many value-added benefits. It is designed to assist members in doing reserves for their company executives. For every materialized room dark booked by a member at ITC-Welcome group Hotel, points are earned that can be redeemed for a broad scope of wagess. With Welcome Link, the member can look frontward to many exciting publicities and awards coming their manner plus an exciting scope of wagess complimentary dining, free vacations, air tickets, auto leases and privilege shopping with Credit Card Gift Vouchers countrywide. Sheraton Plus- The art of all right dining with a particular border Welcome group Sheraton Plus brings the pleasances of the roof of the mouth, in a genuinely rewarding mode. As a member, clients can taste the finest in culinary art runing from reliable Indian, Mughlai and Chinese fortes to Continental menu in a choice of over 30 ITC-Welcome group eating houses. From a 24-hour java stores called Pavilion to the forte eating houses such as Dum-Pukht, Bukhara, Dakshin and West View. Q3 How CRM can be efficaciously administered Customer relationship direction ( CRM ) is more than the pattern of roll uping guest-centric informations. It s the art of utilizing historical, personal and experiential information to personalise a invitee s stay while bring forthing incremental gross chances. Knowing a traveler is an devouring athleticss fan creates the chance to market tickets to a game. Industry surveys show that invitees are less likely to return if they experience a job during their stay. Recording and hive awaying of relevant database of guest history and information s and analysis of those provides with the information to extinguish repeating jobs and maintain invitees coming back, so to take down operating costs and increase guest satisfaction at the same clip. So the most of import factor is how good it needs to be handled and administrated. There has to be a dedicated squad and a suited user friendly package to assist the squad with the elaborate records of the client picks and penchants and all possible information s which may necessitate to be kept in head ever and the most of import measure in this has to be the changeless updating of inside informations with each minute inside informations with each visit or contact of the invitee with the hotel. Another of import portion of smooth handling and disposal of CRM procedure would be to maintain everyone updated and informed about the aggregation of information s of each single picks and penchants so in every point of contact the invitee feels at place. ( Sheth et all,2000 ) Rationale [ P6 ] : One can deduce the present scenario of the patterns and plans being followed by the taking participants in this sector and the stairss being followed by them to heighten client keeping, client satisfaction and in bend, taking to heighten net incomes and trade name image in the heads of the clients. Contemplations [ P6 ] : In the true spirit of believing outside of the box, experts at the Gartner Group believe the most successful organisations will be those who, through invention and concentrate on concern effectivity instead than simply efficiency, manage to interrupt the cast of traditional concern thought . Being effectual is paramount. The terminal end of better helping clients and enabling a high per centum of client keeping can non be met with out originative thought and effectual planning and actions. The undertaking of honing the relationship between concern and client is ever on traveling and requires particular dedication and invention as the commercialism markets. Scope and Limitations [ P6 ] : Scope To analyze Customer Relationship Management in the Hotel Industry. The other aims would be to analyze the plans and patterns of CRM employed by the taking hotels in India and to analyze the steps to construct a better relationship between the customer/guest and the cordial reception unit. Finally to reason the findings and suggest any recommendations sing the hereafter growing chances. Restrictions of the Study aˆ?Due to the handiness of chiefly secondary informations, hallmark of the same is non certain. aˆ?Since the hallmark of the information is non certain, the consequence of the undertaking may non be precise. aˆ?Customer relationship direction is in itself a complex subject, hence, there may be certain errors in the premise Action program [ D2 ] : WEEKS- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 13 14 Topic A ; Title Abstract A ; Keywords Introduction Background Research inquiry ( s ) Hypothesis Research Aims A ; Aims Literature Review Rationale Contemplations Scope and Restrictions Action program Ethical consideration Theoretical Framework / Methodology Research design Analysis and treatment Execution of Research undertaking Execution of Research undertaking Decisions Recommendations and future work

Internet will misleading children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Internet will misleading children - Essay Example Hence, this paper will center on pornographic issues with the intention of knowing how children can access such pornographic information as well as how it affects them. It must be mentioned that most parents do not know when their children or wards have the access to the internet. This makes it to be rather more risky. The influx of smartphones to the market helped in the acceleration of children’s desire to view and read what was posted in the internet. At least, they do not need large computers or laptops to view and illicit materials. Their smartphones in the hands is an enough access to the internet world. It should be known that there are two major contents or materials which children always look for in the internet; written materials, pictures, and YouTube materials. YouTube refers to internet contents that are videoed. With the social media, instant messages become something that will always appeal to children. Children visiting the social media sites like facebook, Black Berry Messenger (BBM), tweeter, and some other social media are always vulnerable especially when they have friends with bad influence. Since the purpose of the social media is to relate and communicate with each other using the social media network, some sexual predators use it as a means to lure vulnerable children to sexual fantasies. The sexual predators do this using text messages, pictures, and the YouTube. They sent erotic instant messages to small children with the aim of arousing them sexually. This includes the use of profane and romantic words in the messaging. Children who are more vulnerable always fall prey to this kind of message by being sexually aroused. In the social media network, communications are also possible through pictures and YouTube. Children visiting the social media network always fall into the various url, pictures, and YouTube video, which they can enjoy for ours at the ignorance of

Global banking issues Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Global banking issues - Assignment Example Therefore, the reserve requirement is affected by the nature of both fed fund rate and feds discount rate. Also, the quantity demanded of reserve is determined by its price (interest rate) in the fed fund market. The quantity demanded increases with a decrease in interest rate and vice versa. In this regard, central banks can, therefore, affect the demand for reserves of commercial banks just by changing reserve requirement. Unlike other monetary tools, the impact of changes of reserve requirement is spread evenly across all banks to bring about neutrality. Changes in the reserve requirement tend to induce all banks to adjust their balance sheets rapidly. However, the reserve requirement is nowadays limited due to current sweep accounts and other loopholes of reserve requirement. Today central banks rarely use reserve requirement as the monetary policy tool because most banks operate around it (Thomas 418). The open market operate under the monetary base; that is, MB = C + R. Open market operations are preferable by most central banks because they can help to expand or contract monetary base to a precise level. With the use of open market operations, the central bank can reverse mistakes quickly because they are under its control. Open markets operations help to support the discount policy rate especially when there are excessive reserves. In the United States, Fed moves the equilibrium rate by use of open market operations toward the target established by the federal committee of open market operations. In addition, Fed can add reserves to the system by buying assets such as Treasury bond and can remove them from the system by selling these assets. Therefore, the central bank sells assets to increase the money base as well as the money supply in the system and vice versa. The central bank conducts open market operations to get the interbank lending rate near its target. Unlike other m onetary tools, OMO lack announcement effect because they are

Let the Punishment Fit the Crime Essay Example for Free

Let the Punishment Fit the Crime Essay If you can’t do the time don’t do the crime or how about let the punishment fit the crime. These two statements have been around for years. If someone commits a crime they should be punish but to what extent? Should similar crimes be dealt with the same? Such as if a person had a small amount of marijuana for personal use in a car at school, or they had an ounce of marijuana in their vehicle in a school zone. Should the law treat these incidents the same? Or should they treat these cases differently? Some people believe you should be sentence to a mandatory jail term no matter what crime you commit. They feel this will deter people from committing crimes. Others feel criminals are doing too much time for mostly none violent criminal activity which put a strain on entire communities. This debate has been brewing for years. Are mandatory minimum sentences doing more harm than good? The movement to establish mandatory minimum sentences for drug related offenses began in the early 1950†s and gained momentum in the early 1970s (Carrillo, 2000). At this time the judge had the discretion of giving the defendant a mandatory sentence or a more lenient sentence. In 1986 the law was changed were as the judge lost the power to make a choice in the length of a sentence he or she could impose on an offender. They had to follow strict sentencing guidelines which some judges was even oppose to. The main reason for the mandatory minimum sentences during the earlier stages in the game was due to the growing drug trade. This was a losing effort by law enforcement to stop the trafficking of drugs into the United States. In the eyes of many this obviously didn’t work. As time went on the drug trade became bigger and better with more sophisticated technics and more potent drugs.